“Edificios que se construyen en Lima incumplen drásticamente el diseño sismorresistente”

«Los edificios altos que hoy se construyen en Lima están incumpliendo drásticamente los requisitos sismorresistentes obligatorios», según Luis Bozzo, especialista en diseño sismorresistente y gerente general de Postensa.

Luego de un doctorado en la Universidad de Berkeley, Bozzo ha regresado a trabajar al Perú luego de 25 años de experiencia en el extranjero y se ha topado con proyectos donde hay una «falta total» de verificación de estándares internacionales.

Esto se aplica al caso del postensado, proceso que permite reducir peso y, con ello, masa sísmica, haciendo estructuras más segura. «Hay gente muy buena en sismos en el Perú. El postensado está viniendo desde otros países y también hay gente buena en eso, pero no sabe necesariamente de sismos», explica el calculista.

¿Cómo afecta esto a los edificios? «Los expertos en sismo están relegando el trabajo del postensado a quienes no saben necesariamente de sísmica». Por ejemplo, en el caso de las vigas que utilizan este proceso, en Lima se utiliza cinco veces más cables que la norma norteamericana, que establece el uso de cables a un máximo de 25% de la capacidad por sección armada.

Bozzo indicó que usar muchos cables en vigas ubicadas en zonas sísmicas reduce la ductilidad de las estructuras, que es clave en el diseño sismorresistente. «El cable resiste cuatro veces más que la barra corrugada, pero es frágil. Cuando hay terremotos, se rompe porque no tiene ductilidad». Por ello, en México —donde hubo un destructivo terromoto en 1985— ya no se permite el uso de estos cables.

Fuente : Gestion.pe.

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